Test Bank For Kaplan & Sadock’s Synopsis of Psychiatry Behavioral Sciences Clinical Psychiatry 12th Edition by Sadock, B.J., Sadock, V.A., & Ruiz, P. ISBN-10 1975145569
Kaplan & Sadock's Synopsis of Psychiatry Edition 12 Test Bank
Chapter 1. Examination and Diagnosis of the Psychiatric Patient
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. A nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing occasional
feelings of sadness because of the recent death of a beloved pet. The client’s appetite,
sleep patterns, and daily routine have not changed. How should the nurse interpret
the client’s behaviors?
1. The client’s behaviors demonstrate mental
illness in the form of depression.
2. The client’s behaviors are extensive, which
indicates the presence of mental illness.
3. The client’s behaviors are not congruent with
cultural norms.
4.
The client’s behaviors demonstrate no
functional impairment, indicating no mental
illness.
2. At what point should the nurse determine that a client is at risk
for developing a mental illness?
1. When thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are
not reflective of the DSM-5 criteria.
2.
When maladaptive responses to stress are
coupled with interference in daily
functioning.
3. When a client communicates significant
distress.
4. When a client uses defense mechanisms as
ego protection.
3. A nurse is assessing a set of 15-year-old identical twins who
respond very differently to stress. One twin becomes anxious and irritable, and the
other withdraws and cries. How should the nurse explain these different stress
responses to the parents?
1.
Reactions to stress are relative rather than
absolute; individual responses to stress
vary.
2. It is abnormal for identical twins to react
differently to similar stressors.
3. Identical twins should share the same
temperament and respond similarly to stress.
4. Environmental influences to stress weigh
heavily than genetic influences.
2.
differently to similar stressors.
3. Identical twins should share the same
temperament and respond similarly to stress.
4. Environmental influences to stress weigh
more heavily than genetic influences.
4. Which client should the nurse anticipate to be most
receptive to psychiatric treatment?
1. A Jewish, female social worker.
2. A Baptist, homeless male.
3. A Catholic, black male.
4. A Protestant, Swedish business executive.
5. A psychiatric nurse intern states, “This client’s use of defense
mechanisms should be eliminated.” Which is a correct evaluation of this nurse’s
statement?
1.
Defense mechanisms can be appropriate
responses to stress and need not be
eliminated.
2.
Defense mechanisms are a maladaptive
attempt of the ego to manage anxiety and
should always be eliminated.
3.
Defense mechanisms, used by individuals
with weak ego integrity, should be
discouraged and not eliminated.
4.
Defense mechanisms cause disintegration of
the ego and should be fostered and
encouraged.
6. During an intake assessment, a nurse asks both physiological
and psychosocial questions. The client angrily responds, “I’m here for my heart, not
my head problems.” Which is the nurse’s best response?
1.
“It is just a routine part of our assessment. All
clients are asked these same
questions.”
2. “Why are you concerned about these types of
questions?”
3.
“Psychological factors, like excessive stress,
have been found to affect medical
conditions.”
4.
“We can skip these questions, if you like. It
isn’t imperative that we complete this
section.”
conditions.”
4.
“We can skip these questions, if you like. It
isn’t imperative that we complete this
section.”
7. An employee uses the defense mechanism of displacement
when the boss openly disagrees with suggestions. What behavior would be expected
from this employee?
1. The employee assertively confronts the boss.
2. The employee leaves the staff meeting to
work out in the gym.
3. The employee criticizes a coworker.
4. The employee takes the boss out to lunch.
8. A fourth-grade boy teases and makes jokes about a cute girl
in his class. This behavior should be identified by a nurse as indicative of which
defense mechanism?
1. Displacement
2. Projection
3. Reaction formation
4. Sublimation
9. Which nursing statement about the concept of neurosis is most accurate?
1.
An individual experiencing neurosis is
unaware that he or she is experiencing
distress.
2. An individual experiencing neurosis feels
helpless to change his or her situation.
3.
An individual experiencing neurosis is aware
of the psychological causes of his or
her behavior.
4. An individual experiencing neurosis has a
loss of contact with reality.
10. Which nursing statement regarding the concept of psychosis is most
accurate?
1. Individuals experiencing psychoses are aware
that their behaviors are maladaptive.
2. Individuals experiencing psychoses
experience little distress.
3.
Individuals experiencing psychoses are aware
of experiencing psychological
problems.
4 Individuals experiencing psychoses are based
2.
experience little distress.
3.
Individuals experiencing psychoses are aware
of experiencing psychological
problems.
4. Individuals experiencing psychoses are based
in reality.
11. When under stress, a client routinely uses alcohol to excess.
Finding her drunk, her husband yells at the client about her chronic alcohol abuse.
Which action alerts the nurse to the client’s use of the defense mechanism of denial?
1. The client hides liquor bottles in a closet.
2. The client yells at her son for slouching in his
chair.
3. The client burns dinner on purpose.
4. The client says to the spouse, “I don’t drink
too much!”
12. Devastated by a divorce from an abusive husband, a
wife completes grief counseling. Which statement by the wife should indicate
to a nurse that the client is in the acceptance stage of grief?
1. “If only we could have tried again, things
might have worked out.”
2. “I am so mad that the children and I had to
put up with him as long as we did.”
3. “Yes, it was a difficult relationship, but I think
I have learned from the experience.”
4. “I still don’t have any appetite and continue to
lose weight.”
13. A nurse is performing a mental health assessment on an adult client.
According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, which client action would demonstrate the
highest achievement in terms of mental health?
1. Maintaining a long-term, faithful, intimate
relationship
2. Achieving a sense of self-confidence
3. Possessing a feeling of self-fulfillment and
realizing full potential
4. Developing a sense of purpose and the ability
to direct activities
14. According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, which
situation on an inpatient psychiatric unit would require priority intervention by
a nurse?
1. A client rudely complaining about limited
visiting hours
2. A client exhibiting aggressive behavior
toward another client
3. A client stating that no one cares
4. A client verbalizing feelings of failure
15. How would a nurse best complete the new DSM-5 definition of a mental
disorder? “A health condition characterized by significant dysfunction in an
individual’s cognitions, or
behaviors that reflect a disturbance in …” which of the following?
1. Psychosocial, biological, or developmental
process underlying mental functioning
2. Psychological, cognitive, or developmental
process underlying mental functioning
3. Psychological, biological, or developmental
process underlying mental functioning
4. Psychological, biological, or psychosocial
process underlying mental functioning
Multiple Response
Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
16. A nurse is assessing a client who appears to be experiencing some anxiety
during questioning. Which symptoms might the client demonstrate that would indicate
anxiety? (Select all that apply.)
1. Fidgeting
2. Laughing inappropriately
3. Palpitations
4. Nail biting
5. Limited attention span
Completion
Complete each statement.
• is a diffuse apprehension that is vague in nature and is
associated with feelings of uncertainty and helplessness.
• is a subjective state of emotional, physical, and social
responses to the loss of a valued entity.
Chapter 0: Mental Health and Mental
Illness Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
• ANS: 4
Chapter: Chapter 0, Mental Health and Mental Illness
Objective: Discuss cultural elements that influence attitudes toward mental health
and mental illness.
Page: 9
Headin
g: Grief
Integrated Processes: Nursing
Process Client Need:
Psychosocial Integrity Cognitive
Level: Analysis [Analyzing]
Concept: Grief and Loss
Difficulty: Easy
Feedback
1 The client’s behaviors are to be expected in a
time of grief.
2 The client’s behaviors are not presented as
being extensive.
3 The client’s behaviors are to be expected after
a loss.
4
The nurse should assess that the client’s daily
functioning is not impaired. The client who
experiences feelings of sadness after the loss
of a pet is responding
within normal expectations.
PTS: 1 CON: Grief and Loss
• ANS: 2
Chapter: Chapter 0, Mental Health and Mental
Illness Objective: Define mental health and mental
illness.
Page: 3
Heading: Mental Illness
Integrated Processes: Nursing
Process Client Need:
Psychosocial Integrity Cognitive
Level: Application [Applying]
Concept: Stress
Difficulty: Easy
Feedback
1 The client with a mental illness would have
symptoms that reflect the DSM-5.
2
The nurse should determine that the client is
at risk for mental illness when responses to
stress are maladaptive and interfere with daily
functioning. The DSM-5 indicates that in
order to be diagnosed with a mental illness,
daily
functioning must be significantly impaired.
3
The client’s ability to communicate distress
would be considered a positive
attribute.
4
The use of defense mechanisms does not
indicate that the client is at risk for
mental illness.
PTS: 1 CON: Stress
• ANS: 1
Chapter: Chapter 0, Mental Health and Mental
Illness Objective: Identify physiological
responses to stress. Page: 7
Heading: Physical and Psychological Responses to Stress >
Mild Anxiety Integrated Processes: Nursing Process
Client Need: Psychosocial
Integrity Cognitive Level:
Application [Applying]
Concept: Growth and
Development Difficulty: Easy
Feedback
1
The nurse should explain to the parents that,
although the twins have identical
DNA, there are several other factors that
affect reactions to stress.
2 It is considered normal for twins to react
differently to stress.
3
Identical twins do not necessarily respond
similarly to stress, due to differences in
temperament and personality.
4 Environmental influences and temperament
can affect stress reactions.
temperament and personality.
4 Environmental influences and temperament
can affect stress reactions.
PTS: 1 CON: Growth and Development
• ANS: 1
Chapter: Chapter 0, Mental Health and Mental Illness
Objective: Discuss cultural elements that influence attitudes toward mental health
and mental illness.
Page: 4
Heading: Box 1-1 Cultural Aspects of Mental
Illness Integrated Processes: Nursing Process
Client Need: Psychosocial
Integrity Cognitive Level:
Application [Applying] Concept:
Culture
Difficulty: Easy
Feedback
1
The nurse should anticipate that the client of
Jewish culture would place a high
importance on preventative health care and
would consider mental health as equally
important to physical health.
2
The homeless client may have difficulty
accessing health care and may not place a
high emphasis on mental health treatment.
3 Women are more likely to seek treatment for
mental health problems than men.
4
This client is not typically as receptive to
psychiatric treatment as the client of
Jewish culture.
PTS: 1 CON: Culture
• ANS: 1
Chapter: Chapter 0, Mental Health and Mental
Illness Objective: Identify physiological
responses to stress. Page: 7
Heading: Physical and Psychological Responses to Stress >
Mild Anxiety Cognitive Level: Application [Applying]
Integrated Processes: Nursing
Process Client Need:
Psychosocial Integrity Concept:
Stress
Difficulty: Moderate
Feedback
1
The nurse should determine that defense
mechanisms can be appropriate during
times of stress.
2 Defense mechanisms are not maladaptive
attempts of the ego to manage anxiety.
3
Defense mechanisms are a normal part of
coping with stress. They are not used by
individuals with weak ego integrity. They
should not be discouraged and
eliminated.
4
Defense mechanisms are normal and are used
by all individuals in some way
during times of stress; they do not cause
disintegration of the ego.
PTS: 1 CON: Stress
• ANS: 3
Chapter: Chapter 0, Mental Health and Mental
Illness Objective: Identify physiological
responses to stress. Page: 9
Heading: Physical and Psychological Responses to Stress > Severe
Anxiety Integrated Processes: Nursing Process
Client Need: Psychosocial
Integrity Cognitive Level:
Application [Applying] Concept:
Stress
Difficulty: Easy
Feedback
1 This statement is not therapeutic to the client.
2 This statement is not therapeutic and may
anger the client further.
3
The nurse should attempt to educate the client
on the negative effects of excessive
stress on medical conditions.
4
It is not appropriate to skip physiological and
psychosocial questions, as this
would lead to an inaccurate assessment